Isistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri isiphenduke insakavukela yokugcinwa kwamandla

Njengoba ama-ejensi alawulayo ehlanganisa imithetho yokuphepha yokusatshalaliswa kokugcinwa kwamandla kumakhodi wokwakha amasha namazinga okuphepha, amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri abe ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla obujwayelekile.

Ibhethri selisetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kuka-100 kusukela yasungulwa, futhi ubuchwepheshe bamandla elanga busetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamandla elanga, izinsiza zokuphehla amandla elanga zivame ukuthunyelwa kude negridi, ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzeka amandla ezikhungweni ezikude nasemakhaya. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka futhi isikhathi sihamba, izikhungo zokuphehla amandla elanga zixhuma ngqo kugridi. Kulezi zinsuku, ziyanda izindawo zokuphehla amandla elanga zisatshalaliswa ngamasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri.

Njengoba ohulumeni nezinkampani behlinzeka ngezikhuthazo zokunciphisa izindleko zezindawo zokuphehla ugesi welanga, abasebenzisi abaningi ngokwengeziwe bathumela izikhungo zokuphehla ugesi welanga ukuze kongiwe izindleko zikagesi. Kulezi zinsuku, uhlelo lokugcina amandla elanga + seluyingxenye ebalulekile yemboni yamandla elanga ekhulayo, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwawo kuyakhula ngesivinini.

Njengoba ukunikezwa kwamandla ngezikhathi ezithile kwamandla elanga kuzophazamisa ukusebenza kwegridi yamandla, isifunda saseHawaii asivumeli izikhungo zokuphehla amandla elanga ezisanda kwakhiwa ukuthi zithumele amandla azo adlulele kugridi yamandla ngokungakhethi. Ikhomishini Yezinsiza Zomphakathi YaseHawaii yaqala ukukhawulela ukuthunyelwa kwezikhungo zokuphehla amandla elanga axhunywe ngokuqondile kugridi ngo-Okthoba 2015. Ikhomishana ibe isikhungo sokuqala sokulawula e-United States ukuthatha izinyathelo ezivimbelayo. Amakhasimende amaningi asebenzisa izikhungo zamandla elanga e-Hawaii akhiphe amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi agcina ugesi oweqile futhi awusebenzise ngesikhathi sokudingeka kakhulu esikhundleni sokuwuthumela ngokuqondile kugridi. Ngakho-ke, ubudlelwano phakathi kwezindawo zokuphehla amandla elanga kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri manje sebuseduze.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, amanani kagesi kwezinye izifundazwe e-United States abe inkimbinkimbi, ngokwengxenye ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwezikhungo zamandla elanga ekuthunyelweni kugridi ngezikhathi ezingafanele. Imboni ikhuthaza amakhasimende amaningi elanga ukuthi afake amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri. Nakuba izindleko ezengeziwe zokuphakela amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri zizokwenza ukubuyiselwa kwezimali kwezikhungo zokuphehla amandla elanga kube ngaphansi kunemodeli yokuxhumana okuqondile kugridi, amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri ahlinzeka ngokuguquguquka okwengeziwe kanye namandla okulawula egridi, okuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu amabhizinisi nabasebenzisi bezindawo zokuhlala. Okubalulekile. Izimpawu zalezi zimboni zisobala: izinhlelo zokugcina amandla zizoba ingxenye ebalulekile yezinsiza eziningi zokuphehla amandla elanga esikhathini esizayo.

1. Abahlinzeki bezindawo zokuphehla amandla elanga bahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yebhethri esekelayo

Isikhathi eside, uhlelo lokugcina amandla abahlinzeki bebeyimbangela yokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi okugcina amandla elanga + amandla. Okunye ukufakwa kwamandla elanga amakhulu (okufana neSunrun, SunPower,HOPPT BATTERY kanye noTesla) sebeqalile ukuhlinzeka amakhasimende abo ngemikhiqizo yabo eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Imikhiqizo yebhethri.

Ngokukhula okuphawulekayo kwesabelo semakethe samaphrojekthi okugcina amandla elanga +, lezi zinkampani zathi ukusekela izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri ye-lithium-ion ngokusebenza okuhle nokuphila okude kokusebenza kuzokhanga kakhulu kubasebenzisi.

Lapho onjiniyela ababalulekile emkhakheni wokuphehla amandla elanga bengena ekukhiqizweni kwebhethri, ukumaketha, ukudluliswa kolwazi, nomthelela wemboni walezi zinkampani kuzokhulisa ukuqwashisa kwabathengi, izinkampani, nohulumeni. Izimbangi zabo ezincane nazo zithatha izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi azisali emuva.

2. Nikeza izinxephezelo ezinkampanini zezinsiza kanye nabakhi benqubomgomo

Kusukela inkampani yaseCalifornia iphakamisa inkinga edume kakhulu embonini "yejika ledada", izinga eliphezulu lokungena lokuphehla amandla elanga liye lathinta kakhulu igridi yamandla, futhi amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri abe yisixazululo esinamandla senkinga "yejika ledada". Isixazululo. Kodwa kuze kube yilapho abanye ochwepheshe bezimboni beqhathanisa izindleko zokwakha isikhungo samandla sokushefa segesi yemvelo e-Oxnard, eCalifornia, nezindleko zokusebenzisa amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri, ingabe izinkampani zesevisi kanye nabalawuli babonile ukuthi izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri ziyongayo. ukulungisa isikhawu samandla avuselelekayo. Namuhla, izifundazwe eziningi kanye nohulumeni basekhaya e-United States bakhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwesistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri ohlangothini lwegridi kanye nabasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezifana ne-California Self-Generation Incentive Programme (SGIP) kanye nohlelo lwe-New York State's Large-Capacity Energy Storage Incentive Programme. .

Lezi zinzuzo zinomthelela oqondile noma ongaqondile esidingweni sokuthunyelwa kwesitoreji samandla. Njengoba nje Ingakwazi ukulandelela izinxephezelo zikahulumeni zobuchwepheshe bamandla emuva kuNguquko Yezimboni, lokhu kusho ukuthi izinkampani nabathengi kufanele bamukele lobu buchwepheshe ngenkuthalo.

3. Khipha amazinga okuphepha kumasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri

Esinye sezibonakaliso ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthi amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri abe ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokugcina amandla ukuwafaka kumithetho nezindinganiso zakamuva. Ibhilidi namakhodi kagesi akhishwe yi-United States ngo-2018 afaka amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri, kodwa izinga lokuphepha le-UL 9540 alikakakhiwa.

Ngemuva kokuthi Ikhiphe ukuxhumana okunezithelo nokuhwebelana phakathi kwabakhiqizi bezimboni kanye neNational Fire Protection Association (NFPA), isethi ehamba phambili yemithetho yezokuphepha yase-US, ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwe-NFPA 855 ekupheleni konyaka ka-2019, amakhodi kagesi asanda kukhishwa e-United States akhishwe. kuvumelana ne-NFPA 855, ihlinzeka ngezikhungo ezilawulayo neminyango yokwakha ngezinga elifanayo lesiqondiso njenge-HVAC nezishisi zamanzi.

Ngokungeziwe ekuqinisekiseni ukusetshenziswa okuphephile, lezi zidingo ezimisiwe ziphinde zisize iminyango yezokwakha nabaphathi basebenzise izimfuneko zokuphepha, okwenza kube lula ukubhekana nebhethri kanye nezindaba zokuphepha zemishini ehlobene. Njengoba abaphathi bethuthukisa izinqubo ezivamile ezivumela ukuthi kufakwe amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri, izingozi ezihlobene nalezi zinyathelo ezibalulekile zizoncishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyezwe isikhathi sokuphakelwa kwephrojekthi, kuncishiswe izindleko, futhi kuthuthukiswe ulwazi lwamakhasimende. Njengamazinga angaphambilini, lokhu kuzoqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesitoreji selanga + amandla.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwesistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri

Namuhla, amabhizinisi andayo nabasebenzisi bezindawo zokuhlala bangasebenzisa amasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri ukuze banikeze izinsiza ezibalulekile ukugcina ukuzinza kwegridi yamandla. Izinkampani zensiza zizoqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili izakhiwo zezilinganiso eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuze zibonise ngokunembile izindleko zazo kanye nomthelela wemvelo wokuphakelwa kukagesi. Njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuholela esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu kanye nokuphela kukagesi, inani, nokubaluleka kwezinhlelo zokulondoloza amandla ebhethri kuzokhula kakhulu.