Iyiphi imoto kagesi ehamba phambili, ibhethri le-lead-acid, ibhethri le-graphene, noma ibhethri le-lithium?

Iyiphi imoto kagesi ehamba phambili, ibhethri le-lead-acid, ibhethri le-graphene, noma ibhethri le-lithium?

Manje njengoba izimoto zikagesi seziyizinto zokuhamba ezibalulekile ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, iliphi ibhethri elingcono kakhulu ezimotweni zikagesi, amabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-graphene, namabhethri e-lithium? Ake sikhulume ngalesi sihloko namuhla. Ibhethri ingenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zezimoto zikagesi. Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yisiphi kulezi ziphepho ezintathu esingcono kakhulu, kufanele uqonde izinzuzo nezinkinga zalawa mabhethri amathathu. Okokuqala, qonda ibhethri le-lead-acid, ibhethri ye-graphene, nebhethri ye-lithium.

Ibhethri le-lead-asidi ibhethri lesitoreji ama-electrode awo aqondile noma angalungile akhiwa ngokuyinhloko i-lead dioxide, i-lead ne-dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte ene-concentration engu-1.28 njengento ephakathi. Lapho ibhethri elineasidi yomthofu likhishwa, kokubili i-lead dioxide ku-electrode ephozithivu nomthofu ku-electrode eyinegethivu kusabela ne-dilute sulfuric acid yakhe i-lead sulfate; lapho ishaja, i-lead sulfate kumapuleti amahle nebi iyancishiswa ibe yi-lead dioxide nomthofu.

Izinzuzo zamabhethri e-lead-acid: Okokuqala, zishibhile, zinezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza, futhi kulula ukuzenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri asetshenzisiwe angaphinde asetshenziswe, anganciphisa ingxenye yemali, okunciphisa izindleko zokushintshwa kwebhethri. Okwesibili ukusebenza kokuphepha okuphezulu, ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu, ukushaja isikhathi eside, okungeke kuqhume. Eyesithathu ingalungiswa, okusho ukuthi izoshisa ngenkathi ishaja, futhi Ingeza uketshezi lokulungisa ukwandisa umthamo wokugcina ibhethri, ngokungafani namabhethri e-lithium, angakwazi ukulungisa ngemva kwenkinga.

Ukushiyeka kwamabhethri e-lead-acid ubukhulu obukhulu, isisindo esinzima, akuhambisani nokunyakaza, impilo yesevisi emfushane, izikhathi zokushaja nokukhipha ngokuvamile cishe izikhathi ezingu-300-400, futhi zingasetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile iminyaka engu-2-3.

Ibhethri yegraphene iwuhlobo lwebhethri le-lead-acid; ukuthi nje impahla ye-graphene yengezwa ngokusekelwe kubhethri le-asidi yomthofu, ethuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwepuleti le-electrode, futhi lingagcina ugesi namandla amaningi kunebhethri elivamile le-asidi yomthofu. Okukhulu, akulula ukugoqa, impilo yesevisi ende.

Izinzuzo zayo, ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zamabhethri e-lead-acid, ngenxa yokwengezwa kwezinto ze-graphene, impilo yesevisi yinde, inani lokushaja nokukhipha lingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-800, futhi impilo yesevisi cishe iminyaka engu-3-5. . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasekela ukushaja okusheshayo. Ngokuvamile, Ingashajwa ngokugcwele emahoreni angu-2, ngokushesha kakhulu kunamabhethri ajwayelekile e-lead-acid emahoreni angu-6-8, kodwa idinga ukushajwa ngeshaja ezinikele. Ibanga lokuhamba liphakeme ngo-15-20% kunalelo lamabhethri e-lead-acid evamile, okusho ukuthi uma ukwazi ukugijima amakhilomitha angu-100, ibhethri le-graphene lingagijima cishe amakhilomitha angu-120.

Ukungalungi kwamabhethri e-graphene nakho kubalulekile ngosayizi nesisindo. Kuyinselele ukuthwala nokunyakaza njengamabhethri ajwayelekile aneasidi yomthofu, asephezulu.

Amabhethri e-lithium ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-lithium cobaltate njengento esebenzayo ye-electrode kanye negraphite yemvelo njenge-electrode engalungile, esebenzisa izixazululo ze-electrolyte ezingenamanzi.

Izinzuzo zamabhethri e-lithium mancane, aguquguqukayo, futhi kulula ukuthwala, umthamo ophezulu, impilo yebhethri ende, impilo ende, kanye nenani lokushaja nokukhipha lingafinyelela izikhathi ezingaba ngu-2000. Awekho amabhethri ajwayelekile e-lead-acid noma amabhethri e-graphene angaqhathaniswa nayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri e-lithium Iminyaka ngokuvamile ingaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.

Ukushiyeka kwamabhethri e-lithium ukungazinzi kahle, ukushaja isikhathi eside, noma ukusetshenziswa okungafanele, okungase kubangele umlilo noma ukuqhuma. Okunye ukuthi intengo iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yamabhethri aneasidi yomthofu, awakwazi ukugaywa kabusha, futhi izindleko zokushintshwa kwamabhethri ziphezulu.

Iliphi ibhethri elihamba phambili elineasidi eholayo, ibhethri le-graphene, noma ibhethri le-lithium, futhi yiliphi elifaneleka kakhulu? Kunzima ukuphendula lokhu. Ngingasho nje ukuthi evumelana nawe iyona engcono kakhulu. Ngokusho kwezidingo ezahlukene zomnikazi wemoto ngayinye, Ingasebenzisa amanye amabhethri. Isibonelo, ake sithi ufuna ukuba nempilo ende yebhethri. Uma kunjalo, ungacabangela amabhethri e-lithium. . Uma imoto kagesi isetshenziselwa ukuhamba nsuku zonke kuphela, kwanele ukukhetha amabhethri ajwayelekile e-lead-acid. Uma uhambo lokuya emsebenzini lude ngokuqhathaniswa, khona-ke amabhethri e-graphene angacatshangelwa. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngezidingo zakho ezihlukene, cabanga inani lebhethri, impilo, nempilo yebhethri ukuze ukhethe ibhethri elikufanele. Ngicela uveze imibono yakho endaweni yokuphawula futhi ubambe iqhaza uma unemibono ehlukene?