Umhlahlandlela wokugcina wamaphakethe webhethri ye-lithium

Amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium ayinketho edumile yamadivayisi anamandla afana nekhompyutha yakho ephathekayo, ithebhulethi, noma i-smartphone. Ayisindi, anesikhathi eside sempilo, futhi angashajwa kalula ngamashaja alungile.

Liyini Iphakethe Lebhethri Lithium?

Iphakethe lebhethri le-lithium wuhlobo lwebhethri elishajekayo elisetshenziselwa ukunika amandla amadivayisi edijithali. Lawa mabhethri enziwe amaseli amaningi futhi avamise ukushajwa kabusha, okusho ukuthi angasetshenziswa kabusha ngokuwaxhuma nokuwashajwa kabusha. Uma uke wezwa inkulumo ethi “ibhethri ye-lithium ion,” khona-ke mhlawumbe ucabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto efanayo. Kepha kunomehluko omncane obalulekile phakathi kwamaphakethe we-lithium ion kanye ne-lithium ion polymer okufanele icatshangelwe ngaphambi kokuthenga.

Indlela Amabhethri e-Lithium Asebenza ngayo

Amabhethri e-lithium awuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwebhethri emakethe. Ziyakwazi ukuhambisana nemvelo futhi ziza ngezinhlobo ezintathu: i-lithium ion, i-lithium polymer, ne-lithium iron phosphate. Indlela esebenza ngayo iphakethe lebhethri le-lithium iwukugcina nokukhipha amandla ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-electrode ebhethri ye-lithium: i-anode ne-cathode. Lawa ma-electrode atholakala ochungechungeni lwamaseli axhumene komunye nomunye (i-electrode enhle, i-electrode engemihle). Ama-electrolyte agcinwa phakathi kwalawa maseli futhi inhloso yawo ukuthutha ama-ion ukusuka kwelinye ingqamuzana ukuya kwelinye. Lokhu kusabela kuqala uma usebenzisa idivayisi yakho (isibonelo, ukuyivula). Uma idivayisi idinga amandla engeziwe, iqala ukukhuphuka kwama-electron ukusuka komunye umkhawulo wesekethe kuya komunye. Lokhu kubangela ukusabela kwe-electrolyte phakathi kwama-electrode amabili ngenkathi kukhiqizwa ugesi nokushisa. Ngokulandelayo, lokhu kukhiqiza i-voltage eningi ngesekhethi yangaphandle ukuze kusebenze idivayisi yakho njengoba kudingeka. Yonke inqubo iyaphinda inqobo nje uma idivayisi yakho ivuliwe noma ize igcine iphelelwe amandla ngokuphelele. Uma ushaja idivayisi yakho ngeshaja, ihlehlisa zonke lezi zinyathelo ukuze ibhethri lakho likwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukunika amandla amadivaysi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zamaphakethe Ebhethri Lithium

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamaphakethe ebhethri ye-lithium. Eyokuqala iphakethe lebhethri le-Lithium Polymer. Lolu hlobo ludume kakhulu futhi lungasetshenziswa kumadivayisi amancane njengamafoni, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, noma amathebulethi. Okulandelayo, unephakethe lebhethri le-Lithium Ion elisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko kumadivayisi amakhulu njengezimoto zikagesi, kodwa angasetshenziswa nakwamanye amadivaysi. Okokugcina, kunephekhi yebhethri ye-Lithium Manganese Oxide (LiMnO2) enesikhathi eside sempilo kodwa futhi elisinda kakhulu.

Amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium mancane futhi alula, awenza alungele ukunika amandla ama-electronics aphathwayo. Amabhethri e-lithium ayashajwa futhi afika nesilinganiso sikagesi esihlukile ngokuya ngedivayisi ayinika amandla. Kubalulekile ukwazi isilinganiso se-voltage yocingo lwakho ngaphambi kokukhetha iphakethe lebhethri. Njengoba sekushiwo lokho, nazi izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphakethe ebhethri ye-lithium kanye nengcono kakhulu ongayisebenzisela idivayisi yakho.