Liyini ibhethri lokushisa eliphansi? Izinzuzo nemisebenzi yamabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi lokushisa

Abangani abaningi bazoba nemibuzo lapho bezwa ukusabela kokuqala kwamabhethri ezinga lokushisa eliphansi: Liyini ibhethri elinezinga lokushisa eliphansi? Ingabe kukhona ukusetshenziswa?

Liyini ibhethri elinezinga lokushisa eliphansi?

Ibhethri elisezingeni eliphansi lezinga lokushisa eliphansi ibhethri eliyingqayizivele elakhelwe ngokukhethekile izinkinga zezinga lokushisa eliphansi elitholakala ekusebenzeni kwemithombo yamandla amakhemikhali. I ibhethri enezinga lokushisa eliphansi isebenzisa i-VGCF kanye nekhabhoni ecushiwe enendawo ethile (2000±500)㎡/izithasiselo zegesi, futhi ifana nezinto zikagesi ezinhle nezingezinhle. Ama-electrolyte akhethekile anezithasiselo ezikhethekile ayajovwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umsebenzi wokukhipha izinga lokushisa eliphansi lebhethri lezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Izinga lokushintsha ivolumu lika-24h ku-70℃ liyi-≦0.5%, elinemisebenzi yokuphepha nokugcinwa kwamabhethri e-lithium evamile.

Amabhethri anezinga lokushisa eliphansi abhekisela kumabhethri e-lithium-ion izinga lokushisa lawo lokusebenza lingaphansi -40°C. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu emkhathini wezempi, okokusebenza okufakwe emotweni, ucwaningo lwesayensi nokuhlenga, ukuxhumana kwamandla, ukuphepha komphakathi, ugesi wezokwelapha, izitimela, imikhumbi, amarobhothi, neminye imikhakha. Amabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi ahlukaniswa ngokuya ngokusebenza kwawo kokukhipha: indawo yokugcina amandla, amabhethri e-lithium anezinga eliphansi lokushisa, kanye namabhethri e-lithium ohlobo lwezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ngokwezinkambu zokufaka isicelo, amabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi ahlukaniswa abe amabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi ukuze asetshenziswe ezempi kanye namabhethri e-lithium anezinga lokushisa eliphansi lezimboni. Indawo yokusetshenziswa kwayo ihlukaniswe yaba uchungechunge oluthathu: amabhethri avamile ezinga lokushisa eliphansi, amabhethri akhethekile anezinga lokushisa eliphansi elikhethekile, namabhethri ezinga lokushisa eliphansi ngokwedlulele.

Izindawo ezisetshenziswayo zamabhethri ezinga lokushisa eliphansi ikakhulukazi zifaka izikhali zempi, i-aerospace, amathuluzi emoto athwala imicibisholo, ucwaningo lwesayensi ye-polar, ukuhlenga okubandayo, ukuxhumana kwamandla, ukuphepha komphakathi, izinto zikagesi zezokwelapha, izitimela, imikhumbi, amarobhothi, neminye imikhakha.

Izinzuzo nemisebenzi yamabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi lokushisa

Amabhethri e-lithium angamazinga okushisa aphansi anezinzuzo ze-lightweight, amandla athile aphezulu, nokuphila isikhathi eside futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi kumishini ehlukahlukene kagesi. Phakathi kwazo, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ye-polymer ephansi yokushisa nayo inezinzuzo zokupakisha okulula, kulula ukushintsha ukuma kwejometri yesiphepho, ukukhanya kwe-ultra-light kanye ne-ultra-thin, nokuphepha okuphezulu. Isiphenduke umthombo wamandla wemikhiqizo eminingi ye-elekthronikhi ephathwayo.

Ayikwazi ukusebenzisa amabhethri avamile omphakathi ku- -20°C, futhi isengasebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi lokushisa, ngokuvamile ku-50°C. Njengamanje, amabhethri anezinga lokushisa eliphansi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa endaweni engu-℃ noma ngaphansi. Ngaphezu kwezinsiza zikagesi zokuxhumana, izinsiza zamandla aphathwayo ezempi, amandla esignali, kanye nempahla yamandla kagesi emincane nakho kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri asezingeni eliphansi. Lezi zinto zikagesi nazo zinezidingo zokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi lapho zisebenza ensimini.

Amaphrojekthi okuhlola umkhathi njengendiza emkhathini kanye nohlelo lokuhlala enyangeni oluqaliswa e-China adinga imithombo yamandla okugcina amandla asebenza kahle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi amabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi. Ngoba imikhiqizo yezokuxhumana yezempi inezidingo eziqinile ezicini zebhethri, ikakhulukazi ezidinga iziqinisekiso zokuxhumana emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yezempi kanye ne-aerospace.

Amabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi asetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yesisindo sawo esingasindi, amandla athile aphezulu, nempilo ende. Amabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphansi enziwe ngezinto ezihlukile nezinqubo futhi afanele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibandayo ezingaphansi kweqanda.

Onjiniyela baseNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eSan Diego, bathuthukise ngempumelelo ibhethri lamandla e-lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion elingamazinga okushisa aphansi elingagcina ukusebenza kuzinga lokushisa elilingana negumbi ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi elingu-60°C. Njengamanje, izinhlobo zamabhethri aphansi okushisa angakwazi ukuzifaka emakethe ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate anezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye namabhethri e-lithium anezinga lokushisa eliphansi le-polymer. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zobuchwepheshe bebhethri obusezingeni eliphansi sezivuthiwe.

Izici zebhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate esezingeni eliphansi

• Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi: ukukhishwa ku-0.5C ku--40 ℃, umthamo wokukhipha udlula u-60% wesamba sokuqala; ku -35 ℃, iqhume ku-0.3C, umthamo wokukhipha udlula u-70% wesamba sokuqala;
• Ibanga lokushisa elibanzi elisebenzayo, -40 ℃ kuya ku-55 ℃;
• Izinga lokushisa eliphansi ibhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate inejika lokuhlola umjikelezo wokukhipha okungu-0.2c ku -20°C. Ngemuva kwemijikelezo engu-300, kusekhona izinga lokugcinwa komthamo elingaphezu kwama-93%.
• Ingakhipha ijika lokukhipha amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate asezingeni eliphansi lokushisa emazingeni okushisa ahlukene ku -40°C kuya ku-55°C.

Ibhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate enezinga eliphansi lokushisa iwubuchwepheshe obusha obuthuthukiswe ngemva kocwaningo lwesikhathi eside nokuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezingavuthiwe zengezwa ku-electrolyte. Izinto ezinhle kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kanye nobuchwepheshe kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha kwebhethri okuphezulu emazingeni okushisa angashoni. Leli bhethri le-lithium iron phosphate elisezingeni eliphansi lisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezisezingeni eliphansi ezifana nemishini yezempi, imboni ye-aerospace, imishini ye-diving, uphenyo lwesayensi ye-polar, ukuxhumana kwamandla, ukuphepha komphakathi, i-electronics yezokwelapha, njll.